Planning a trip to Kazakhstan? This Central Asian giant is full of surprises—home to soaring mountains, modern cities, endless steppes, and nomadic traditions. In this guide, you’ll discover essential information for first-time visitors, from must-see attractions and top foods to when to go and where to stay. Whether you’re into nature, culture, or history, Kazakhstan offers a one-of-a-kind travel experience.
Key Facts About Kazakhstan
Capital: Astana
Largest City: Almaty
Population: About 20 million
Languages: Kazakh (official), Russian widely spoken
Currency: Kazakhstani Tenge (KZT)
Time Zones: UTC+5 to UTC+6
Where is Kazakhstan Located?
Kazakhstan is located in Central Asia, stretching from the Caspian Sea in the west to the Altai Mountains in the east, where it borders Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan.
Best Time to Visit Kazakhstan
The best time to visit Kazakhstan largely depends on what you want to experience, but in general, the most popular and comfortable seasons are spring (April–June) and autumn (September–October). Here’s a breakdown by season to help you choose the right time for your trip:
Season | Best For | Average Temps (℃/℉) | Notes |
Spring (April to June) | Sightseeing, hiking, festivals | 15–25℃ / 59–77℉ | Mild weather, blooming landscapes |
Summer(July to August) | Mountains, lakes, Silk Road cities | Mountains: 15–25°C / 59–77°F Lowlands: 30–40°C / 86–104°F | Cool in the mountains, hot elsewhere |
Autumn(September to October) | Culture, photography, nature | 10–20°C / 50–68°F | Colorful foliage, fewer tourists |
Winter(November to March) | Skiing, eagle hunting, snowy views | –20–0°C / –4–32°F | Cold but ideal for winter experiences |
Must-See Attractions & Things to Do in Kazakhstan
Astana – Modern Capital with Futuristic Architecture
Kazakhstan’s capital is known for its bold architecture and clean design.
1. Visit Bayterek Tower for panoramic views
2. Admire the Khan Shatyr Mall and Palace of Peace and Reconciliation
3. Explore the National Museum of Kazakhstan
Almaty – Nature Meets Culture
Almaty is Kazakhstan’s cultural and outdoor hub, surrounded by mountains.
1. Ride the cable car to Kok Tobe Hill
2. Hike or ice skate at Medeu
3. Visit Big Almaty Lake for stunning alpine views
4. Stroll through Green Bazaar for local life and flavors
Charyn Canyon – Kazakhstan’s Grand Canyon
Charyn Canyon is located 3–4 hours from Almaty. Known for its Valley of Castles rock formations, Charyn Canyon is ideal for hiking, photography, and day trips.
Experience Nomadic Culture
1. Stay in a yurt camp on the steppes or near a lake
2. Join eagle hunting demonstrations
3. Watch traditional kokpar horseback games
Kolsai & Kaindy Lakes
1. Famous for sunken forest in Kaindy Lake
2. Hike through pine forests and mountain passes
3. Great for camping and photography
What to Eat in Kazakhstan
Kazakh cuisine is hearty and meat-focused, influenced by nomadic traditions and Central Asian flavors.
Dish | Description |
Beshbarmak | National dish made of boiled meat and pasta sheets |
Kazy | Horse meat sausage, served cold or hot |
Plov | Rice pilaf with meat and carrots |
Baursaki | Fried dough snacks, often served with tea |
Shubat | Fermented camel milk, an acquired taste |
How to Get to / Travel Around Kazakhstan
Getting to Kazakhstan
By Air
Main international airports:
- Astana International Airport (NQZ)
- Almaty International Airport (ALA)
Direct flights from: Istanbul, Dubai, Frankfurt, Seoul, Moscow, Beijing, and more.
By Land
From Uzbekistan: Cross via Tashkent–Shymkent route.
From Kyrgyzstan: Enter via Bishkek to Almaty by road.
From Russia & China: Multiple overland border crossings available.
Traveling Within Kazakhstan
Transport | Key Routes | Travel Times | Tips |
Domestic Flights | Almaty⇌Nur-Sultan | 1.5 hours | Book early for best prices (~$50–100) |
Almaty⇌Aktau (Caspian Coast) | 2 hours | ||
Trains | Almaty ⇌ Nur-Sultan | 12-14 hours | Opt for overnight sleeper trains |
Almaty ⇌ Shymkent | 12 hours | ||
Buses/Shared Taxis | Almaty→Charyn Canyon | 3-4 hours | Shared taxis faster but pricier than buses |
Nur-Sultan→Karaganda | 3 hours |
Kyrgyzstan Local Transport Tips
Taxis: Use apps for fixed fares (cheaper than street taxis).
Metro: Only in Almaty (limited but efficient).
Marshrutkas (Minivans): Cheap for short trips (e.g., Almaty to Medeu – 30 mins).
Where to Stay in Kazakhstan
Astana – Stay in the Left Bank Area
Why: This modern district is home to the most iconic buildings and government centers.
Top nearby attractions: Bayterek Tower, Nur Alem Pavilion, Expo Center.
Vibe: Clean, quiet, futuristic.
Almaty – Stay in the City Center or Medeu Area
Why: Central Almaty gives you access to shops, museums, cafés, and public transport.
Nearby: Zenkov Cathedral, Green Bazaar, Kok Tobe cable car.
Medeu Area: Perfect for nature lovers—close to mountains and the famous Medeu skating rink.
Near Charyn Canyon or Kolsai Lakes – Stay in a Guesthouse or Yurt
Why: Immersive local experience and access to natural wonders.
Nearby: Hiking trails, alpine lakes, and quiet starry nights.
Vibe: Remote, rustic, peaceful.
Tip: Kazakhstan’s guesthouses and eco-lodges are great for meeting locals and learning about nomadic culture.
